Chusetts



a 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 G. L. & W. P. ALLEN.

BLEAOHING KEIR..

Patented Mar. 3, 1896..-

Witnesses.

ANDREW B GRAHAM. FHOTOUTNQWASHINGTON. D C

(No Model.) 5 G. L. 82: w. P. ALLEN.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

BLEAUHING KBIR.

Patented Mar. 3, 1896.

Inventors. I

1 l- 5 I I All riw myneroumuwnsumcrunnc UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE L. ALLEN AND XVILLIAM P. ALLEN, OF \VOROESTER, MASSA- CHUSETTS.

B LEAC HlN G-KElR SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.555,486, dated March 3, 1896.

Application filed July 15, 1895.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that .we, GEORGE L. ALLEN and WILLIAM P. ALLEN,citiZeI1S ofthe United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester andState of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Bleaching-Keirs, of which the following, together withthe accompanying drawings, is a specification sufficiently full, clear,and exact to enable persons skilled in the art to which this inventionappertains to make and use the same.

The object of this invention is to provide a more desirable andpractically economical apparatus, and to render the keir rapid andefficient in its operation, convenient for attendance, and adapted formore certain and accurate control.

To this end our invention consists in providing a keir with a series ofexternal uptake-pipes or vomit-pipes, the respective ends of which areconnected with the cylindrical body-shell and open into the interiornear the upper and lower ends of the body, their upper ends havingcombined therewith inwardlydirected flat-mouthed nozzles adapted fordischarging laterally across the interior upper space, and, further, incombining therewith, within the lower space underneath the grate, aninterior central steam-supply chamber having a series ofradially-disposed steampipes therefrom underlying the stock-supportinggrating and respectively leading into the several uptake-pipes forboiling the liquor within the lower space and forcing the circulationthrough the said uptake-pipes,the parts of the apparatus beingconstructed and organized to form a compact, simple, and highly efficient keir, as hereinafter particularly specified; also, in thecombining with the uptakepipes devices arranged in the manner describedfor indicating the force of the internal action, as more fullyexplained.

The particular subject-matter claimed is hereinafter definitelyspecified.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a bleaching-keirconstructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection, one half at the upper part at line X, and one half at the lowerpart at line Y on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section showing SerialNo.555,978. (No model.)

the head of the vomit-pipe and spray-nozzle on a somewhat larger scale;and Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on a similar scale, showing the footof the vomit-pipe and injector-pipe. Referring to parts, A denotes themain body or shell of the keir comprising a cylinder and heads formed ofmetal plates riveted together in usual manner and inclosing an i11-terior space which is separated by the grating or perforated diaphragm Bof wellknown construction into an upper space, A, for containing thematerial treated, and lower space, A for the liquor. The manhole andcover 0 at the top of the keir, and the drainage-pipe D and gate D atits bottom are of well-known or any suitable construction.

At the outside of the body there is arranged a series of uprightvomit-pipes E leading from the lower space, A beneath the grating, tothe upper part of the upper space, A, the ends of said pipes beingcurved inward and attached to the exterior of the cylindrical shell A,through which openings are formed corresponding with the caliber of thepipes. In the present instance, and preferably for general practice,four of these vomit-pipes E are employed,disposed at opposite sides ofthe body, but a greater or less number can be in similar manner combinedwith the body of the keir, if in any instance desired. These pipes andthe accompanying parts are each of similar construction, and adescription of one will apply to all.

For a keir of, say, nine feet diameter, pipes E of about five inchesdiameter are suitable. The top of the vomit-pipe E where it enters thespace A is provided with a delivery-nozzle F, having a broad flattenedinwardly-directed end with a vertically-narrow but horizontallyextendedopening or mouth f, as indicated in Fig. 1, adapted for delivering anddistributing the liquor over the top surface of the contained materialin thin but forceful spray, which is projected across the interior spacemingling and falling in showers from the oppositely-directed nozzles, soas to copiously drench the entire top surface of the mass.

G indicates the steam supply having a suitable controlling cock or valveG, which pipe leads into a hollow head or steam-chamber H,

formed at the upper part of the central supporting-column h, upon whichthe inner ends of the grate-sections rest. From said hollow head thereis arranged a series of radial steampipes Ithat underlie the grating andrespectively extend into the lower ends of the vomitpipes 1, theirextremities turned upward therein and terminating with aninjectingnozzle or open end J within the upright part of the pipe E, asillustrated.

The radial portion of the steam-pipe I is perforated with suitable smallholes ifor emitting steam for boiling the liquor within the lower space,A Such holes, however, are not of sufiicient size and number as toprevent the forcing of steam through the end opening J when suflicientpressure is let on at the supply-cock.

At the upper end of the vomit-pipe we provide an indicating device M,consisting of a vertically-movable puppet, (see Fig. 3,) formed of a rodor tube m, having on its lower end a cup or flange m that depends withinthe curved passage of the vomit-pipe. Said puppet is supported to slidefreely within a guide or stopper N that is fitted with screw-threadsinto an opening through a suitable boss formed on the pipe. The top endof this tube m is closed by a head or cap at, which prevents itsdropping through the stopper. The top surface of the flange m is fittedto serve as a valve and acts against a valve-seat 0 on the lower end ofthe stopper when the indicator is at its highest position. The weight ofthe puppet is such as will balance the desired upflow of liquor in thevomit-pipe, so that it normally descends when there is but little or noupward current in the vomit-pipe, so that its head it rests upon thestopper N; but when a strong upward current is induced within thevomit-pipe the puppet will be forced upward, bringing its valve againstthe seat 0 and closing the same against leakage around the tube, (seedotted lines, Fig. 3,) and by its elevation indicating when a strongboiling action is going 011 within the heir. The surface of the tube mmay be graduated with horizontal lines to show what proportion of itslength is at any time above the stopper.

In the operation the heir may be filled with material to about the lineL. The steam-pipes I serve to boil the liquor in the lower space, A andat the same time to inject steam up the vomit-pipes, thereby inducing astrong upward current within said vomit-pipes, exhausting the liquorfrom the space A to an extent that creates a powerful downward suctionthrough the mass of material, at the same time delivering the hot liquorat the top of the vomit-pipes through the several nozzles F in alldirections across the space A in a spray .or shower that covers thesurface of the contained mass, thereby producing a rapid and uniformcirculation that effects the required bleaching action in much shorterperiod of time and in a more eificiently thorough manner than isattained by the ordinary practice.

Ve do not claim broadly placing a vomitpipe at the outside of the bodyof a keir, as we are aware that differently-constructed outside pipeshave been heretofore employed. Neither do we claim broadly theinducement of a current within a pipe by injection of steam; but ourinvention has reference to the improved construction and specificarrangement of the parts as defined.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a bleaching-keir, the combination, as described, with the mainbody-shell, and the grating separating the interior into an upper andlower space; of the series of vomit-pipes leading from the lower to theupper space, disposed adjacent to the exterior of the main body withtheir inwardly curved ends attached to said body-shell, the centralgratesupporting column below and terminating at the grate, and havingthe. supply-head with interior steam-chamber therein, a steam-supplypipe connected with said steam-chamber, a series of radial steam-pipesunderlying said grate and leading from said steam-chamber into therespective vomit-pipes and fitted with upwardly-directed injector endstherein, and the inwardly-directed fiat-mouthed deliverynozzles at theupper ends of said vo1nit-pipes, for the purpose set forth.

2. In ableaching-keir, the combination with the body or cylindricalshell having the horizontal supporting-grating supported therein, of theseries of vomit-pipes attached to the exterior of said body with theirrespective ends opening into the interior at the upper and lower partsof said body, the central column or head having a steam-chamber therein,the series of steam-pipes leading out from said steam chamber, andhaving perforations therein for delivering steam into the space beneaththe grating, the ends of said steam-pipes respectively extending intothe vomit-pipes and terminating with suitable openings for injectingjets of steam longitudinally within said vomit-pipes, and a steam-supply pipe leading into said central steam-chamber, provided with astop cook or valve at the exterior for controlling said supply-pipe,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a bleaching-heir having an externallydisposed vomit-pipe, thecombination, with the vomit-pipe, of the indicating device consisting ofthe guide or stopper having an opening therethrough and fitted with avalve-seat at its lower end, and the vertically-movable puppet arrangedthrough said guide or stopper, and depending within the passage of saidvomit-pipe, and having a cupped or flanged end with a valve-surface uponthe upper side thereof that acts against said valve-scat, substantiallyas set forth.

4- In a bleaching-keir, the combination, of the body of the keir, avomit-pipe at the side thereof leading from the lower to the upperinterior space; and having an injecting-pipe within said Vomit-pipe forinducing or increasing a current therein, and an indicating Witness ourhands this 12th day of July, A. D. 1895.

GEO. L. ALLEN. WILLIAM P. ALLEN.

Witnesses:

OHAs. H. BURLEIGH, ELLA P. BLENUS.

